Q.why the end of the secondary coil of a bound type C.T. is shorted by a thin wire or shorting element!
I'd like too remind you that a ammeter is also connected to that!!!
Ans.actually the voltage ratio is just opposite to
the current ratio means if there is 1000 amp in the primary side then it would be 1000 on the secondary also 1000/1,rather being n a step down,X-mer so the ends are short circuited !!!

एलेक्ट्रिक्ट्य

the most needed generation

ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION:
THE MOST NEEDED GENERATION

FIRST OF ALL WE HAVE TO UNDERSTAND THE GENERATION ,WHILE WE SAY IT GENERATION OF POWER BUT IT'S NOT SO.IT 'll RATHER GOOD IF WE SAY IT CONVERSION OF POWER.THE REASON BEHIND THIS IS THE CONSERVATION lAW OF ENERGY WHICH STATES, ENERGY NIETHER BE CREATED NOR DESTROYED,IT CAN ONLY BE CHANGED TO ANOTHER FORM, AND THE ENTIRE POWER REMAINS EQUAL,AND AS WE KNOW THIS IS FOLLOWED BY THE GENERATION TOO.SO GENERATION OF THE POWER IS NOTHING, BUT THE CONVERSION OF ONE FORM OF ENERGY TO THE OTHER FORM.IN THE REFERENCE OF ELECTRICAL POWER IT IS THE CONVERSION OF OTHER POWERS (LIKE MECHANICAL,WIND,NUCLEAR etc.)TO ELECTRICAL POWER.

NOW WE MOVE TO THE DIFFERENT METHODS,USED TO GET ELECTRICAL POWER

A power generation plant is used to generate electrical power, it's a facility designed to produce electrical energy from another form of energy, such as:
Heat (thermal) energy generated from:fossil fuels, coal ,petroleum ,natural gas ,solar thermal energy ,geo thermal energy ,nuclear energy.
Potential energy from falling water in a hydroelectric facility
Wind energy from wind.
Solar electric from solar (photovoltaic) cells
Chemical energy from:
fuel cells
There are many different types of electric power generating plants. The major types of electric power plants, existing today are shown below:

Figure 1. Fossil fuel power plant

figure.2: hydroelectric power plant

figure.3: Solar thermal power plant

Figure 4: Nuclear power plant

figure 5: Geothermal power plant Figure

figure 6: wind power towers

now a great part of our work has been or we can say first step ends here,if we have generated power using any one of the above methods.now we move to second one known as:

Substations:

A substation is a high-voltage electric system facility. It is used to switch generators, equipment, and circuits or lines in and out of a system. It also is used to change AC voltages from one level to another, and/or change alternating current to direct current or direct current to alternating current. so they are to get desired modifications in the generated power .

Substation Types: Although, there are generally four types of substations.there are some other which are a combination of two or more types.
Step-up Transmission Substation
Step-down Transmission Substation
Distribution Substation
Underground Distribution Substation

after this process we move further for the next one step :

which is to transmit the power through lines, called transmission lines.

Transmission lines carry electric energy from one point to another in an electric power system. They can carry alternating current or direct current or a system can be a combination of both. Also, electric current can be carried by either overhead or underground lines. The main characteristics that distinguish transmission lines from distribution lines are that they are operated at relatively high voltages, they transmit large quantities of power and they transmit the power over large distances.

The types of transmission lines are:
Overhead Transmission Lines :

these are commonly used everywhere.

Subtransmission Lines :carry voltages reduced from the major transmission line system. Typically, 34.5 kv to 69 kv, this power is sent to regional distribution substations.

Underground Transmission Lines :are more common in populated areas. They may be buried with no protection, or placed in conduit, trenches, or tunnels.

so these were some methods to transmit power.

now this power is distributed according to the need of specific consumers:

Distribution Systems
Industrial Customer :Most industries need 2,400 to 4,160 volts to run heavy machinery and usually their own substation or substations are to reduce the voltage from the transmission line to the desired level for distribution throughout the plant area. They usually require 3-phase lines to power 3-phase motors.

Commercial customers: are usually served at distribution voltages, ranging from 14.4 kV to 7.2 kV through a service drop line which leads from a transformer on or near the distribution pole to the customer's end use structure. They may require 3-phase lines to power 3-phase motors.

Residential Customer:
The distribution electricity is reduced to the end use voltage (120/240 volts single phase) via a pole mounted or pad-mounted transformer. Power is delivered to the residential customer through a service drop line which leads from the distribution pole transformer to the customer's structure, for overhead lines, or underground.

transportation systems: Currently the only electric transportation systems are light rail and subway systems. A small distribution substation reduces the local distribution voltage to the transportation system requirements. The overhead lines supply electric power to the transportation system motors and the return current lines are connected to the train tracks. are light rail and subway systems. A small distribution substation reduces the local distribution voltage to the transportation system requirements. The overhead lines supply electric power to the transportation system motors and the return current lines are connected to the train tracks.

so now all costumers like me are feeded with power and they are doing there and i am posting this blog.

for any queries or other info. mail me at

techno_charan@yahoo.com

the all info. is collected from

osha & me.

:charan the technologist